The Betrayal of Anne Frank: A Cold Case Investigation

Flossenbürg, 217

food: on black market, 52, 60, 64, 161, 203, 205, 214, 239; butcher (Piet Scholte), 61, 146; greengrocer (Hendrik van Hoeve), 65, 146, 208–18; hiders in Prinsengracht 263 obtaining, 60–61, 64, 71, 139, 140, 144–47; Hunger Winter, 86; resistance, distribution by, 140, 144–47, 238–39

food, problems obtaining, 60–61, 64, 71, 139, 140, 144–47

food coupons, 60, 64, 183, 185, 214, 269, 348n21

Footsteps of Anne Frank, The (Schnabel), 51, 121, 182, 184, 192

Foulidis, Anna, 21, 232

Franco, Francisco, 263

Frank, Alice (mother of Otto), 31, 37, 80, 83, 91, 93, 165

Frank, Anne: accusations of making money off name of, 27, 93–94; affidavit of support for emigration to US, 46; Auschwitz, transportation to, 78; belief that Otto was dead, 83–84; Bergen-Belsen, transportation to, 80; bicycle, reporting theft of, 131; closeness to Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl, 61; death at Bergen-Belsen, 8, 21, 82, 84, 90; different hiding place, consideration of moving to, 66; eyeglasses, need for, 10; Otto Frank’s hope for survival of, 81; Germany, birth in, 10, 27, 29; going into hiding, 55; Hanneli Goslar providing last image of, 83–84; hair of, 77; hopes for postwar life, 4, 5, 12; Kleimans and, 60; photos of, 15, 35n; in raid on Prinsengracht 263, 4, 6–7, 70; in Westerbork transit camp, 76, 77. See also Anne Frank story; betrayal of Anne Frank; diary of Anne Frank Frank, Edith Holl?nder (wife of Otto), 4, 15, 29, 30–31, 37, 40, 46, 53–55, 70, 78, 80, 82, 285

Frank, Herbert (brother of Otto), 31

Frank, Jean-Michel (cousin of Otto), 31

Frank, Margot (sister of Anne), 4, 9–10, 15, 21, 29, 30, 46, 53–55, 66, 70, 78, 80–84, 90, 149, 285, 289

Frank, Otto, 29–32; Ahlers and, 115–16, 121–28; Anne Frank foundations established by, 24–25; Auschwitz, transportation to, 78; break-ins at warehouse and, 65; death of (1980), 94, 286–88; death of wife, daughters, and others in hiding, learning of, 80, 82, 90; edition of Anne’s diary produced by, 24, 91; efforts to get family out of Netherlands, 39, 40, 45–47; family life in Netherlands, 35–40; first investigation of raid (1947–1948) and, 164–66, 279; German heritage, pride in, 289; Germany, business dealings with, 127–28; Miep Gies, close relationship to, 90–91, 198, 279–80, 288; Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl on, 38, 39, 63; going into hiding, 55; hiding, asking employees for help with, 51–52, 54; Jansen, Otto’s postwar letter denouncing, 116, 118, 279, 338n2; Jansen accusing wife and Otto of affair, 114; Jansen’s wartime letter denouncing Otto, 115–16, 119, 121; Jews, claim of betrayal by, 270–71, 274; knowledge of betrayer’s identity, 200, 207, 270–71, 273, 274, 278–83; leaving Germany for Netherlands, 31–32; liberation from Auschwitz and return to Amsterdam, 79–84; outside suspicions about hiders and, 66; papers and documents left by, 122; Pfeffer, accommodation of, 54; plays and films based on diary, inability to watch, 289; postwar agreement between helpers and, 200, 282–83; postwar classification as German national, 86; postwar life of, 286–90; radio access of, 4–5; raid on Prinsengracht 263 and, 4–7, 67, 68, 70, 72, 183; reading of, 4; second investigation of raid (1963–1964) and, 207, 224, 239, 282; second marriage to Fritzi Geiringer, 81, 92–93; Silberbauer and, 28, 191–92, 194–95, 206, 281–83; survival of, xi, 5, 11, 79, 278–79; Switzerland, move to, 91–92, 93, 286; typewriter used by, 242–44; van den Bergh investigated by, 248–49; van Hasselt and, 246–48; van Maaren asking about, 167, 168; Joop van Wijk on, 172; Westerbork, on transport to, 76; Wiesenthal and, 191–92, 195; WWI, service in, 7, 29. See also anonymous note sent to Otto Frank; letters of Otto Frank Frank, Robert and Lottie (brother and sister-in-law of Otto), 31, 86, 93

Frijda, Jetteke, 83

Fürst, Daniel, 26

Geiringer, Elfriede “Fritzi” (later Frank), 81, 92–93, 151, 213, 286, 287

Geiringer, Erich, 93, 151, 213

Geiringer, Eva, 92–93, 151, 287, 289

Geiringer, Heinz, 93, 151

Gemmeker, Albert Konrad, 267, 268

General Intelligence and Security Service (AIVD), 17

Genot, Anna and Petrus, 66

German Federal Archives, 100

German Literature Archive Marbach, Stuttgart, 184

Germany: anti-Semitism after WWI in, 29–32; birth of Anne Frank in, 10, 27; business dealings of Otto with, 127–28; Frank family leaving Germany for Netherlands, 31–32; invasion and occupation of Netherlands by, 41–47; postwar classification of Otto as German national, 86; pride of Otto in German heritage, 289

Gerrits, Luc, 17, 22, 299

Gestapo, 5, 6, 8, 65, 71, 107, 125, 157, 181, 191, 318

Gies, Jan: Ahlers and, 128; Otto Frank and helpers, postwar agreement between, 200; Otto Frank living with Miep and, after war, 91; hiders, assisting, 49, 53, 54, 58–61, 64, 65; neighborhood theory and, 135, 136; raid on Prinsengracht 263 and, 71, 72; as resistance worker, 38; return of Otto to Amsterdam and, 81; Silberbauer and, 184; at Social Services Authority, 38; van Hoeve and, 65, 214–15

Gies, Miep: adopted brother accused of collaboration, 170–71; Anne Frank Remembered, 146, 199–92, 288; assisting hiders at Prinsengracht 263, 51–55, 57–64; Austria, origins in, 8, 38; Cauvern and, 249; death of, 288; discovery of Anne’s diary in Prinsengracht 263, 74–75, 198; first investigation of raid (1947–1948) and, 164, 166; food, obtaining, 146; Otto Frank, close relationship to, 90–91, 198, 279–80, 288; on German invasion and occupation, 41; Jansen letter and, 116; knowledge of betrayer’s identity, 185, 198–201, 205–7, 274, 278, 279–80, 282–83; on Kugler, 37–38; not arrested in raid, 10, 71–72; on postwar conditions in Netherlands, 87; postwar life, 288; raid on Prinsengracht 263 and, 8, 68–69, 71–72; return of Anne’s diary to Otto Frank by, 90; on return of Otto Frank, 81, 90; Silberbauer and, 8, 38, 191, 192, 194, 195; on van Maaren, 207; visiting Prinsengracht 263 after raid, 74–75

Gies & Co., 37, 49, 68, 127, 135, 164, 168, 203, 204, 205

Ginzburg, Natalia, 11

Gold, Leslie, 199

Goldschmidt, Werner, 53–54

Goldsmith, John D., 26, 27–28, 192, 282

Goldstein–van Cleef, Ronnie, 159

G?ring, Hermann, 33, 229, 258, 261–63, 268

Goslar, Hanneli, and sister, 83–84, 221

Goudsmit, Joop, xiv

Goudstikker, Désirée, 261, 353n5

Goudstikker, Emilie, 261, 263

Goudstikker, Jacques, 260, 261

Goudstikker art collection, 229, 258, 260–65, 353n5

Green Police (Grüne Polizei), 6, 43, 57, 318

Griffioen, Pim, 32–33

Gringhuis, Gezinus, 4, 152–53, 165, 166, 203, 248, 279

Groene Amsterdammer, De, 197

Groningen Archives, 177

Grootendorst, Willem, 4, 108, 152–53, 160–61, 165, 166, 203

Grünberg, Fritz, 267n

Haas, Bernard, 241–43

Hals, Frans, 262

Halsema, Femke, xii–xiii

Hanauer, Hans, 267n

handwriting/typescript analysis of anonymous note, 240–45

Hartog, Lammert, 65–66, 68, 98, 135–36, 166, 202, 205–6

Hartog, Lena, 66, 98, 99, 136, 166, 202, 205–7

Heldring, Herman, 245

Hellwig, Jean, 21

helpers: betrayal of hiders, possible associations with, 170–80; postwar agreement between Otto Frank and, 200, 282–83; as Righteous Under the Nations, 289. See also Gies, Miep; Kleiman, Johannes; Kugler, Vincent; Voskuijl, Bep Henn, Ernst Philip, 268–69

Henneicke, Wim, 88, 149

Henneicke Column (Colonne Henneicke), 88–89, 108, 149, 150, 235, 317

Herzberg, A. J., 268

Heydrich, Reinhard, 322–23, 324, 325

Heynemann, Walter, 267n

Hiatt, Jacob, 46

Hidden Life of Otto Frank, The (Lee), 98, 120

Rosemary Sullivan's books