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Notes
Preface
1Femke Halsema, speech at the May 4, 2019, National Remembrance Day commemoration on Dam Square, Amsterdam, translated by the Cold Case Team.
Chapter 1: The Raid and the Green Policeman
1French television interview, 1960s, cited in Carol Ann Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank (New York: Harper Perennial, 2003), 130.
2Menno Metselaar et al., eds., Anne Frank House: A Museum with a Story (Amsterdam: Anne Frank Stichting, 2001), 176.
3Ernst Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, translated by Richard and Clara Winston (Harpenden, UK: Southbank Publishing, 2014), 133. One in four prisoners in Theresienstadt died.
4Jeroen de Bruyn and Joop van Wijk, Anne Frank: The Untold Story: The Hidden Truth About Eli Vossen, the Youngest Helper of the Secret Annex, trans. Tess Stoop (Laag-Soeren, Netherlands: Bep Voskuijl Productions, 2018), 112.
5Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 139.
6Jules Huf, “Listen, We Are Not Interested in Politics: Interview with Karl Silberbauer,” translated by Joachim Bayens and Rory Dekker, De Groene Amsterdammer, May 14, 1986 (first published in Kurier on November 22, 1963).
Chapter 2: The Diary of Anne Frank
1Anne Frank, diary entry, October 29, 1943, in The Diary of a Young Girl: The Definitive Edition, edited by Otto H. Frank and Mirjam Pressler (New York: Doubleday, 1995), 139.
2Anne Frank, diary entry, April 11, 1944, in ibid., 262.
3Elie Wiesel, Night, translated by Marion Wiesel (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006), ix.
4Ian Thomson, Primo Levi (New York: Vintage, 2003), 244.
5Frank, diary entry, July 15, 1944, in The Diary of a Young Girl, 333.
6Cynthia Ozick, “Who Owns Anne Frank?,” New Yorker, September 28, 1997, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1997/10/06/who-owns-annefrank.
7Frank, diary entry, May 3, 1944, in The Diary of a Young Girl, 281.
8Walter C. Langer, Psychological Analysis of Adolf Hitler’s Life and Legend (Washington, DC: Office of Strategic Services, 1943), 219 (secret document approved for release in 1999). See also Henry A. Murray, Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behavior and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany’s Surrender (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Psychological Clinic, 1943), https://ia601305.us.archive.org/22/items/AnalysisThePersonalityofAdolphHitler/AnalysisofThePersonalityofAdolphHitler.pdf.
Chapter 3: The Cold Case Team
1“Twisk, Pieter van,” Systeemkaarten voor verzetsbetrokkenen (OVCG) (index cards for those involved in the resistance), no. 2183, Groninger Archieven, https://www.groningerarchieven.nl/archieven?mivast=5&mizig=210&miadt=5&micode=2183&milang=nl&mizk_alle=van%20Twisk&miview=inv2.
Chapter 4: The Stakeholders
1Cold Case Team (hereafter CCT), interview with Jan van Kooten, March 4, 2016.
2The committee is called Nationaal Comité 4 en 5 mei.
3Gerrit Bolkestein, broadcast on Radio Oranje, March 28, 1944.
Chapter 5: “Let’s See What the Man Can Do!”
1Otto Frank, letter to Leni Frank, May 19, 1917, quoted in Carol Ann Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank (New York: Harper Perennial, 2003), 18.
2Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, translated by Ralph Manheim (New York: Mariner Books, 1998) (originally published 1926).
3R. Peter Straus, interview with Otto Frank, Moment, December 1977, quoted in Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank, 37–38.
4Ernst Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, translated by Richard and Clara Winston (Harpenden, UK: Southbank Publishing, 2014), 24.
5Bob Moore, Victims and Survivors: The Nazi Persecution of the Jews in the Netherlands 1940–1945 (London: Arnold, 1997), 2.
6Pim Griffioen and Ron Zeller, “The Netherlands: The Greatest Number of Jewish Victims in Western Europe,” Anne Frank House, https://www.annefrank.org/en/annefrank/go-in-depth/netherlands-greatest-number-jewish-victims-western-europe/.
7Moore, Victims and Survivors, 72–73.
8Ibid., 257–58.
9Ibid., 182–84.
Chapter 6: An Interlude of Safety
1Melissa Müller, Anne Frank: The Biography, translated by Rita and Robert Kimber (New York: Picador, 2013), 94.
2Eda Shapiro and Rick Kardonne, Victor Kugler: The Man Who Hid Anne Frank (Jerusalem: Gefen Publishing House, 2008), 29.
3Miep Gies with Alison Leslie Gold, Anne Frank Remembered: The Story of the Woman Who Helped to Hide the Frank Family (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 30.
4Ibid., 23.
5Carol Ann Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank (New York: Harper Perennial, 2003), 52.
6Harry Paape (then director of NIOD), interviews with Jan and Miep Gies, February 18 and 27 and December 12 and 18, 1985, NIOD.
7Gies, Anne Frank Remembered, 11.
8Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank, 52.
9Müller, Anne Frank: The Biography, 92.
10Milly Stanfield, interviewed in Carl Fussman, “The Woman Who Would Have Saved Anne Frank,” Newsday, March 16, 1995. Includes her version of Otto Frank’s reply.
Chapter 7: The Onslaught
1Bob Moore, Victims and Survivors: The Nazi Persecution of the Jews in the Netherlands 1940–1945 (London: Arnold, 1997), 63.
2Miep Gies with Alison Leslie Gold, Anne Frank Remembered: The Story of the Woman Who Helped to Hide the Frank Family (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 61.