22Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011, Office for National Statistics, 17 December 2013.
23‘White Riot: The Week Notting Hill Exploded’, Mark Olden, Independent, 28 August 2008.
24Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, ed. Mairi Robinson, Cambridge University Press.
25‘Notting Hill Riots – 50 years on’, Alice Bhandhukravi, BBC.co.uk, 21 August 2008.
26‘White Riot: The Week Notting Hill Exploded’, Mark Olden, Independent, 28 August 2008.
27‘After 44 Years Secret Papers Reveal Truth About Five Nights of Violence in Notting Hill’, Guardian, 24 August 2002.
28Race Discrimination Bill 1960, Parliamentary Archives, HL/PO/PU/2/119.
29‘The Race Relations Act 1965 – Blessing or Curse?’, Jenny Bourne, Institute of Race Relations, 13 November 2015, www.irr.org.uk/news/the-race-relations-act-1965-blessing-or-curse/
30UK Government summary of immigration acts, The Immigration Acts, gov.uk https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/268009/immigrationacts.pdf
31‘1965: New UK race law “not tough enough”’, BBC: On This Day, bbc.co.uk, 8 December 1965, http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/8/newsid_4457000/4457112.stm
32‘The Origins of the Race Relations Act’, Philip N. Soben, Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, University of Warwick, September 1990, research paper, page 1.
33Population, Edition No.: Social Trends 41, ed. Jen Beaumont, Palgrave Macmillan, UK Office for National Statistics, 2011, page 3.
34‘1968: Race discrimination law tightened’, BBC: On This Day, bbc.co.uk, 26 November 1968.
35BBC Newsnight report on the Bristol bus boycott, 27 August 2013.
36‘Protest Revealed City Had Its Own “Dream”’, Bristol Post, 27 August 2013.
37‘Stop and search: what can we learn from history?’, BBC History Magazine, Wednesday 12 August 2009, http://www.historyextra.com/feature/stop-and-search-what-can-we-learn-history
38Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State, and Law and Order (Critical Social Studies), 30 April 1978, Stuart Hall (author), Brian Roberts (contributor), John Clarke (contributor), Tony Jefferson (contributor), Chas Critcher (contributor), Macmillan Press, p. 40.
39‘The Power to Stop and Search’, bbc.co.uk, 14 December 2000.
40‘Black People Still Far More Likely to be Stopped and Searched by Police than Other Ethnic Groups’, Independent, 6 August 2015.
41Ethnic Unemployment in Britain (1972–2012), Yaojun Li, Runnymede Trust/ University of Manchester Institute for Social Change, January 2014, http://www.runnymedetrust.org/blog/ethnic-unemployment-in-britain
42Network – Paint it Black: A Portrait of Handsworth, Part 2, 1982, LBC / IRN Digitisation Archive, Global Radio UK Ltd. Radio documentary, first broadcast on BRMB Radio Birmingham in 1982.
43‘The Legacy of the Brixton Riots’, bbc.co.uk, 5 April 2006.
44‘1981: Brixton Riots Report Blames Racial Tension’, bbc.co.uk, 26 November 1981.
45Violent Racism: Victimization, Policing and Social Context, Benjamin Bowling, Oxford University Press, 1999, page 53.
46Newham Monitoring Project Annual Report 1983, courtesy of the Black Cultural Archives, page 22.
47‘Neighbourhood policing: Past, Present and Future, A Review of the Literature’, Police Foundation, Abie Longstaff, James Willer, John Chapman, Sarah Czarnomski and John Graham, May 2015, page 9.
48Camden Committee for Community Relations Annual Report 1984, courtesy of the Black Cultural Archives, page unknown.
49Essays written by cadets at the Metropolitan Police Training School, Hendon, 1982. Courtesy of the Black Cultural Archives.
50‘Police Racism and Union Collusion: the John Fernandes Case’, National Convention of Black Teachers, year unknown, page 31.
51Labour Party Black Sections: Here to stay! The Vauxhall Experience, Vauxhall Labour Party, 1984, page 1.
52Bernie Grant at Labour Party Conference, 1984. Archived by Bishopsgate Library.
53Darcus Howe on Black Sections in the Labour Party, Race Today Publications, Black Rose Press, 1985, page 8.
54‘Police Blamed Over 1985 Cherry Groce Brixton Shooting’, bbc.co.uk, 10 July 2014.
55‘This is the room where police shot my mum, Cherry Groce’, interview by Simon Israel, Channel 4 News, Thursday 10 July 2014.
56BBC Archive: ‘1985: Riots in Brixton after police shooting’, bbc.co.uk, 28 September 1985.
57‘Riots in Brixton after police shooting’, Guardian archive, 30 September 1985.
58The Killing of Constable Keith Blakelock: The Broadwater Farm Riot, Tony Moore, Waterside Press, 2015, page 103.
59‘The Broadwater Farm uprising’, Stafford Scott, tottenhamrights.org.uk, 28 February 2014.
60Report of the independent inquiry into disturbances of October 1985 at the Broadwater Farm Estate, Tottenham, chaired by Lord Gifford QC, Broadwater Farm Inquiry 1986, pages 76, 84.
61‘Cherry Groce Inquest: “Astonishing” Police Failures Blamed for 1985 Brixton Riots Trigger Shooting’, International Business Times, 10 July 2014.
62‘Inner cities policy and problems: regeneration of Liverpool and London; Docklands Urban Development Corporation’, Archbishop of Canterbury’s Commission on Urban Priority Areas, part 7, The National Archives, Kew 1985–86.
63Selma star David Oyelowo: ‘I had to leave Britain to have an acting career’, Radio Times, 7–13 February 2015.
2: THE SYSTEM
1‘Condon’s Apology is Not Enough, Say Lawrences’, Independent, 1 October 1998.
2‘Lawrence Family Unimpressed By Police Apology’, bbc. co.uk, 17 June 1998.
3‘The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry, Report of an Inquiry’, by Sir William Macpherson of Cluny, advised by Tom Cook, The Right Reverend Dr John Sentamu, Dr Richard Stone. Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department by Command of Her Majesty, February 1999, sections 46.1, 6.34.
4‘30 years of British Social Attitudes self-reported racial prejudice data’, NatCen Social Research, 27 May 2014.
5‘Racism on the Rise in Britain’, Guardian, 27 May 2014.
6Permanent and Fixed Period Exclusions From Schools and Exclusion Appeals in England, 2011/12, Department for Education, 25 July 2013.
7The Centre for Market and Public Organisation, Test Scores, Subjective Assessment and Stereotyping of Ethnic Minorities, Simon Burgess and Ellen Greaves, September 2009.
8Destinations of Key Stage 4 and Key Stage 5 Pupils by Characteristics, 2010/11, Department for Education, 23 July 2013.
9Equality in HE Statistical Report 2013 Students, Equality Challenge Unit.
10‘The sorry state of “equality” in UK universities’, Times Higher Education, 11 December 2016, www.timeshighereducation.com/blog/sorry-state-equality-uk-universities
11‘A Test for Racial Discrimination in Recruitment Practice in British Cities’, Martin Wood, Jon Hales, Susan Purdon, Tanja Sejersen and Oliver Hayllar, National Centre for Social Research, 2009.
12Youth Unemployment and Ethnicity, Trades Union Congress report, 2012, pages 6–7.
13‘Have Ethnic Inequalities in Employment Persisted Between 1991 and 2011?’, Dynamics of Diversity: Evidence From the 2011 Census, Esrc Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity (CoDE), University of Manchester and Joseph Rowntree Foundation, September 2013, page 2.
14‘The numbers in black and white: ethnic disparities in the policing and prosecution of drug offences in England and Wales’, Niamh Eastwood, Michael Shiner and Daniel Bear, Release & London School of Economics, 2013, pages 15, 16, 31.
15‘Police and Racism: What Has Been Achieved 10 Years After the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry Report?’, Jason Bennetto, Equalities and Human Rights Commission, 2009, pages 5, 29, 39.
16‘Inside Outside – Improving Mental Health Services for Black and Minority Ethnic Communities in England’, National Institute for Mental Health in England, 2003, page 40.
17Independent Inquiry into the death of David Bennett, 2003, page 42.
18‘Black and Minority Ethnic People with Dementia and their Access to Support and Services’, Jo Moriarty, Nadira Sharif and Julie Robinson, Social Care Institute for Excellence, March 2011, page 4.